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Course Code: 
PHAR 312
Course Period: 
Spring
Course Type: 
Core
P: 
3
Lab: 
0
Credits: 
5
ECTS: 
7
Course Language: 
English
Course Coordinator: 
Ahmet AYDIN
Courses given by: 
Ahmet AYDIN
Hande SİPAHİ
Muhammed HAMİTOĞLU
Course Objectives: 
The aim of this course is to provide theoretical and practical knowledge to pharmacy students about the general principles of toxicology; the factors which affect toxicity; the fate of xenobiotics in the body; hazards of drugs, natural, chemical, biological and physical factors on the body and the study of these hazards on macro and molecular basis; toxicological risk assessment to determine safe limits.
Course Content: 

a) Therotical part

In this course, general knowledge about toxicology; dose-response relationship; factors and mechanism of toxicity; risk assessment and management; toxicokinetics; the importance of biotransformation reactions for toxicity; carcinegenesis process; mutation and genetic toxicology; developmental and reproductive toxic effects of chemical, biologic and physical factors; food additives and contaminants; plant, animal and mushroom poisonings; toxic effects of metals; immunotoxicological basis of toxic effects; and toxic effects of radiation will be described in this lecture.

b) Laboratory applications

In this course, extraction and analysis of acidic and basic drugs using analytical techniques; determination of volatile substances, metallic poisons, and food additives; DNA isolation; and in vitro cytotoxicity test will be done.

Course Methodology: 
1: Lecture, 2: Question-Answer, 3: Discussion, 4: Presentation, 5:Simulation, 6: Video, 7: Applications, 8:Case Study
Course Evaluation Methods: 
A:Written exam, B: multiple chose , C:Filing the blank D:False and troth, E: Oral Exam F: Portfolio, G: Contrabution of course activities H:Homework

Vertical Tabs

Course Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes

Programme learning outcomes

Teaching Methods

Assessment Methods

1) Being able to understand the basic concepts in toxicology.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6

A, B, C, D, G, H

2) Being able to understand the factors which affects and modulate toxicity.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6

A, B, C, D, G, H

3)  Being able to determine safe limit using toxicological risk assessment.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6

A, B, C, D, G, H

4) Being able to understand toxic effects of chemical, biological and physical substances/factors.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6

A, B, C, D, G, H

5) Being able to determine toxic effects on macro and molecular basis, and to be able to do toxicological analysis.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6,7

A, B, C, D, G, H

6) Being able to use acquired knowledge for protection of human and environmental health.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8

1,2,3,4,6

A, B, C, D, G, H
 

Course Flow

COURSE CONTENT

Week

Teorical Topics                                     

Lab content

Study Materials

1

Introduction to toxicology

Demonstration I

Study the sources.

2

Factors of toxicity

Demonstration II

Study the sources.

3

Toxicity mechanisms

Determination of salicylates from serum samples with spectrophotometric assay. Spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol in plasma

Study the sources.

4

Risk assessment and management

Isolation of some acide and alkaline drugs from urine sample by liquid-liquid extraction and determination by thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Study the sources.

5

Toxicokinetics

Isolation and determinaton of some volatile substances from biological sample with microdiffusion technique

Study the sources.

6

Biotransformation

General reactions for primary alcohols (Ethanol and methanol). Differential recognition reaction for ethanol and methanol. Spectrophotometric determination of methanol level in biological fluids.

Study the sources.

7

Carcinogenesis

Detection and estimation of cyanide in blood

Study the sources.

8

Mutations and genetic toxicology

Direct determination of some metalic poisons in biological samples

Study the sources.

9

Developmental and reproductive toxicology

Determination of food additives in foodstuffs

Study the sources.

10

Food additives and contaminants

DNA isolation from blood samples

Study the sources.

11

Toxicity of natural products

In vitro cytotoxicity test

Study the sources.

12

Toxicity of metals

Skin irritation test

Study the sources.

13

Immunotoxicology

Make up

Study the sources.

14

Toxic effects of radiation

Make up

Study the sources.

15

Evaluation

Evaluation

Study the sources.
 

Recommended Sources

RECOMMENDED SOURCES

Textbook
  1. Timbrel, J.A.; ‘Introduction to Toxicology’, Taylor & Francis, London, 1989.
  2. Lu, F.C., ‘Basic Toxicology: Fundamentals, Target Organs, and Risk Assessment, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington, 1991.
  3. Hayes, A.W., ‘Principles and Methods of Toxicology’, Taylor & Frances, Philadelphia, 2001.
  4. Klaassen, C.D., ‘Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology’, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.
  5. Klaassen, C.D., ‘Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology’, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2013.
  6. Hodgson, E. “A Textbook of Modern Toxicology, Wiley-Interscience,  New Jersey, 2004
  7. National Library of Medicine, Toxicology Tutor III, 2009

Additional Resources

Lecture notes
 
 
 

Material Sharing

MATERIAL SHARING

Documents

Photocopy shareable.

Assignments

Shareable.

Exams

Not shareable.
 

Assessment

ASSESSMENT

IN-TERM STUDIES

NUMBER

PERCENTAGE

Therotic

 

 

Midterm  Exam

1

85

Short Exam

13

15

Laboratory

 

 

Laboratory midterm

1

35

Laboratory Final

1

40

Laboratory weekly evaluation

10

25

Total

 

100

CONTRIBUTION OF TEORIC FINAL EXAMINATION TO OVERALL GRADE

 

70

CONTRIBUTION OF IN-TERM STUDIES TO OVERALL GRADE

 

30

Total

 

100
 

 

COURSE CATEGORY

Compulsary
 

Course’s Contribution to Program

COURSE'S CONTRIBUTION TO PROGRAM

No

Program Learning Outcomes

Contribution

1

2

3

4

5

PO.1

Has national and international up-to-date, theoretical and applied knowledge in the field of pharmacy.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.2

Defines problems related to the profession, collects data, evaluates its accuracy and reliability, develops evidence-based solutions, shares them with healthcare professionals, makes necessary explanations to other people.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.3

Communicates accurately and effectively in accordance with cultural and ethical values with all relevant professional groups, especially those working in the field of health, and all segments of society, using information and communication technologies.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.4

Takes into account the law and ethics when dealing with public health issues.

X

 

 

 

 

PO.5

Acts as a pharmacist with high career awareness, self-confidence, leadership spirit, who is prone to teamwork, entrepreneurial, productive and able to manage financial resources.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.6

Based on the principle of pharmaceutical care, Acts as an easily accessible health consultant with a patient-oriented approach and plays an active role in constantly informing the society.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.7

Improves his/her knowledge by participating in in-service training and activities in line with the needs of the century and society, takes part in the professional development of colleagues and adopts the lifelong learning principle.

X

 

 

 

 

PO.8

Suggests and manages multidisciplinary / interdisciplinary research and development projects related to pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medical devices and shares their results.

 

 

 

 

X

PO.9

Applies knowledge and skills for the benefits of the society taking part in social responsibility projects.

X

 

 

 

 

PO.10

Fulfills the requirements of quality management systems using the theoretical and applied knowledge acquired in the field.

X

 

 

 

 
 

ECTS

ECTS ALLOCATED BASED ON STUDENT WORKLOAD BY THE COURSE DESCRIPTION

Activities

Quantity

Duration
(Hour)

Total
Workload
(Hour)

Course Duration (Including the exam week: 16x Total course hours)

15

3

45

Hours for off-the-classroom study (Pre-study, practice)

15

1

15

Midterm Exams

1

5

5

Lab. Applications

15

4

60

Hours for off-the-Lab. study (Pre-study, practice)

15

1

15

Lab. Midterm Exem

1

5

5

Lab. Final

1

10

10

Homework

1

5

5

Final

1

10

10

Total Work Load

 

 

170

Total Work Load / 25 (h)

 

 

6,8

ECTS Credit of the Course

 

 

7
 
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